ARTICLE

EXPLORATION OF PUBLIC PERCEPTION REGARDING CRIME RAID SHOWS OF PAKISTANI TV NEWS CHANNELS AN ETHICAL PERSPECTIVE

04 Pages : 57-74

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2017(II-I).04      10.31703/gmcr.2017(II-I).04      Published : Dec 2017

Exploration of Public Perception regarding Crime Raid Shows of Pakistani TV News Channels: An Ethical Perspective

    Effects of television are very gigantic and enormous in terms of influencing the mind-set of audience through multiple tactics i.e., presentation styles, formats, language or even contents itself. However, crime and violence constitute major portion of media content and on the other hand, have significant impacts while producing changes in the behaviours of the audience as a result of constant exposure. Key objective of this study was to inquire that what audience actually thinks about crime raid shows broadcasted on Pakistani TV channels and the content presented in these programs by relating it with ethical standards. Residents of Multan city were taken as population of the study on which results had been generalized; moreover, sample of 480 was drawn from the population to collect data. Findings however happened to explain that media surely exaggerated the ratio of crime events occurred in reality which afterwards caused of fear, aggression and violent behaviors among the audience as a consequence. Moreover, viewers were also of the view that there must be substantial restrictions for media practitioners at times of presenting crime or violence as media should recognize its responsibility towards citizens and society.

    Fear, Crime, Media Responsibility, Desensitization, Violence, Aggression, and Media accountability
    (1) Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
    Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Sadaf Zahra
    Research Associate, Faculty of Media & Communication Studies, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Khayam Hassan
    Visiting Lecturer, Department of Media & Communication Studies, University of Swat, KP, Pakistan.
  • AP News Values & Principles. http://www.ap.org/Company/news-values
  • Associated Press. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associated_Press
  • Barker, M., & Petley, J. (Eds.). (2002). Ill effects: The media violence debate. London, England: Routledge.
  • Becker-Blease, K. A., Finkelhor, D., & Turner, H. (2008). Media exposure predicts children's reactions to crime and terrorism. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 9(2), 225-248.
  • Brown, D., Lauricella, S., Douai, A., & Zaidi, A. (2012). Consuming television crime drama: A uses and gratifications approach. American Communication Journal, 14(1), 47-61.
  • Chan, A. K., & Chan, V. M. (2012). Public perception of crime and attitudes toward police: Examining the effects of media news: Run Run Shaw Library, City University of Hong Kong.
  • Code of Conduct for Media Broadcasters. http://infopak.gov.pk/Downloads/Ordenances/Code_of_Conduct.pdf
  • Code of Ethics and Journalistic Standards. http://www2.uncp.edu/home/acurtis/Courses/ResourcesForCourses/Journalism/Journal ismEthics.html
  • Code of Ethics, All Pakistan Newspaper Society. http://apns.com.pk/faq/rules_and_regulations_governing1.pdf
  • Code of Ethics, Press Council of Pakistan. http://infopak.gov.pk/Downloads/Ordenances/pcp_ordinance.pdf
  • Code of Ethics, Society of Professional Journalists. http://www.spj.org/ethicscode.asp
  • Code of Ethics. Council of Pakistan Newspaper Editors. http://newsonline.pk/09/09/2013/code- of-ethics-council-of-pakistan-newspaper-editors-cpne
  • Cohen, J., & Weimann, G. (2000). Cultivation revisited: Some genres have some effects on some viewers. Communication Reports, 13(2), 99-114.
  • Coleman, C. L. (1993). The influence of mass media and interpersonal communication on societal and personal risk judgments. Communication Research, 20(4), 611-628.
  • Coyne, S. M. (2007). Does Media Violence Cause Violent Crime? European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 13(3-4), 205-211.
  • Custers, K., & Van den Bulck, J. (2011). The relationship of dispositional and situational fear of crime with television viewing and direct experience with crime. Mass Communication and Society, 14(5), 600-619.
  • Dowler, K. (2003). Media consumption and public attitudes toward crime and justice: The relationship between fear of crime, punitive attitudes, and perceived police effectiveness. Journal of Criminal Justice and Popular Culture, 10(2), 109-126.
  • Eschholz, S. (2002). Racial composition of television offenders and viewers' fear of crime. Critical Criminology, 11(1), 41-60.
  • European Code of Ethics. http://ethicnet.uta.fi/
  • Gauntlett, D. (2005). Moving experiences: Media effects and beyond (Vol. 13). United States: Indiana University Press.
  • Groenhart, H. (2012). Users' perception of media accountability. Central European Journal of Communication (09), 190-203.
  • Haridakis, P. M. (2002). Viewer characteristics, exposure to television violence, and aggression. Media Psychology, 4(4), 323-352.
  • Hayes, R. M., & Levett, L. M. (2013). Community Members' Perceptions of the CSI Effect. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 38(2), 216-235.
  • Jamieson, K. H., & Campbell, K. K. (2000). The interplay of influence: News, advertising, politics, and the mass media.
  • Jewkes, Y. (2009). Crime and media: New York: Sage
  • Kort‐Butler, L. A., & Hartshorn, K. J. S. (2011). Watching the detectives: Crime programming, fear of crime, and attitudes about the criminal justice system. The Sociological Quarterly, 52(1), 36-55.
  • Lowery, S., & DeFleur, M. L. (1995). Milestones in Mass Communication Research: Media Effects.
  • Machin, D., & Mayr, A. (2013). Personalising crime and crime-fighting in factual television: An analysis of social actors and transitivity in language and images. Critical Discourse Studies, 10(4), 356-372.
  • McLuhan, M. (1994). Understanding media: The extensions of man. Cambridge, United States: MIT press.
  • McQuail, D. (1977). The influence and effects of mass media. Mass communication and society, 70- 93.
  • Middleton, M. (2009). Social Responsibility in the media. Center for International Media Ethics, Oxford University PCMlP.: (Accessed August 21, 2010). http://www.cimethics.org/en/docs/SR_media.Pdf
  • Punjab Laws, Defamation Ordinance (2002). http://punjablaws.gov.pk/laws/2219a.html
  • Rubin, A. M. (1986). Uses, gratifications, and media effects research. Perspectives on media effects, 281-301.
  • Sullivan, B. A., & Chermak, S. M. (2012). The media's portrayal of product counterfeiting and financial crimes. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice, 36(4), 305-326.
  • Unintended media effects and media literacy. http://mediapsychology101.com/2012/11/14/unintended-media-effects-and-media- literacy/
  • Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Retrieved from http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/
  • Ward, S. J. (2011). Ethical flourishing as aim of global media ethics. Journalism Studies, 12(6), 738- 746.
  • Weiss, W. (1966). Effects of the mass media of communication.
  • Wiegman, O., Kuttschreuter, M., & Baarda, B. (1992). A longitudinal study of the effects of television viewing on aggressive and prosocial behaviours. British Journal of Social Psychology, 31(2), 147-164.
  • Wimmer, R. D., & Dominick, J. R. (1983). Mass media research: an introduction. Wadsworth series in mass communication.
  • Wimmer, R. D., & Dominick, J. R. (2013). Mass media research: An Introduction. Boston, United States: Wadsworth.
  • Wondemaghen, M. (2013). Legal narratives as significant news sources about mental illness and violent crime. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice (ahead-of- print), 1-30.

Cite this article

    APA : Babar, Z., Zahra, S., & Hassan, K. (2017). Exploration of Public Perception regarding Crime Raid Shows of Pakistani TV News Channels: An Ethical Perspective. Global Mass Communication Review, II(I), 57-74. https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2017(II-I).04
    CHICAGO : Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din, Sadaf Zahra, and Khayam Hassan. 2017. "Exploration of Public Perception regarding Crime Raid Shows of Pakistani TV News Channels: An Ethical Perspective." Global Mass Communication Review, II (I): 57-74 doi: 10.31703/gmcr.2017(II-I).04
    HARVARD : BABAR, Z., ZAHRA, S. & HASSAN, K. 2017. Exploration of Public Perception regarding Crime Raid Shows of Pakistani TV News Channels: An Ethical Perspective. Global Mass Communication Review, II, 57-74.
    MHRA : Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din, Sadaf Zahra, and Khayam Hassan. 2017. "Exploration of Public Perception regarding Crime Raid Shows of Pakistani TV News Channels: An Ethical Perspective." Global Mass Communication Review, II: 57-74
    MLA : Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din, Sadaf Zahra, and Khayam Hassan. "Exploration of Public Perception regarding Crime Raid Shows of Pakistani TV News Channels: An Ethical Perspective." Global Mass Communication Review, II.I (2017): 57-74 Print.
    OXFORD : Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din, Zahra, Sadaf, and Hassan, Khayam (2017), "Exploration of Public Perception regarding Crime Raid Shows of Pakistani TV News Channels: An Ethical Perspective", Global Mass Communication Review, II (I), 57-74
    TURABIAN : Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din, Sadaf Zahra, and Khayam Hassan. "Exploration of Public Perception regarding Crime Raid Shows of Pakistani TV News Channels: An Ethical Perspective." Global Mass Communication Review II, no. I (2017): 57-74. https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2017(II-I).04