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- Brown, D., Lauricella, S., Douai, A., & Zaidi, A. (2012). Consuming television crime drama: A uses and gratifications approach. American Communication Journal, 14(1), 47-61.
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- Eschholz, S. (2002). Racial composition of television offenders and viewers' fear of crime. Critical Criminology, 11(1), 41-60.
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- Groenhart, H. (2012). Users' perception of media accountability. Central European Journal of Communication (09), 190-203.
- Haridakis, P. M. (2002). Viewer characteristics, exposure to television violence, and aggression. Media Psychology, 4(4), 323-352.
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- Lowery, S., & DeFleur, M. L. (1995). Milestones in Mass Communication Research: Media Effects.
- Machin, D., & Mayr, A. (2013). Personalising crime and crime-fighting in factual television: An analysis of social actors and transitivity in language and images. Critical Discourse Studies, 10(4), 356-372.
- McLuhan, M. (1994). Understanding media: The extensions of man. Cambridge, United States: MIT press.
- McQuail, D. (1977). The influence and effects of mass media. Mass communication and society, 70- 93.
- Middleton, M. (2009). Social Responsibility in the media. Center for International Media Ethics, Oxford University PCMlP.: (Accessed August 21, 2010). http://www.cimethics.org/en/docs/SR_media.Pdf
- Punjab Laws, Defamation Ordinance (2002). http://punjablaws.gov.pk/laws/2219a.html
- Rubin, A. M. (1986). Uses, gratifications, and media effects research. Perspectives on media effects, 281-301.
- Sullivan, B. A., & Chermak, S. M. (2012). The media's portrayal of product counterfeiting and financial crimes. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice, 36(4), 305-326.
- Unintended media effects and media literacy. http://mediapsychology101.com/2012/11/14/unintended-media-effects-and-media- literacy/
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Retrieved from http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/
- Ward, S. J. (2011). Ethical flourishing as aim of global media ethics. Journalism Studies, 12(6), 738- 746.
- Weiss, W. (1966). Effects of the mass media of communication.
- Wiegman, O., Kuttschreuter, M., & Baarda, B. (1992). A longitudinal study of the effects of television viewing on aggressive and prosocial behaviours. British Journal of Social Psychology, 31(2), 147-164.
- Wimmer, R. D., & Dominick, J. R. (1983). Mass media research: an introduction. Wadsworth series in mass communication.
- Wimmer, R. D., & Dominick, J. R. (2013). Mass media research: An Introduction. Boston, United States: Wadsworth.
- Wondemaghen, M. (2013). Legal narratives as significant news sources about mental illness and violent crime. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice (ahead-of- print), 1-30.
- AP News Values & Principles. http://www.ap.org/Company/news-values
- Associated Press. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associated_Press
- Barker, M., & Petley, J. (Eds.). (2002). Ill effects: The media violence debate. London, England: Routledge.
- Becker-Blease, K. A., Finkelhor, D., & Turner, H. (2008). Media exposure predicts children's reactions to crime and terrorism. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 9(2), 225-248.
- Brown, D., Lauricella, S., Douai, A., & Zaidi, A. (2012). Consuming television crime drama: A uses and gratifications approach. American Communication Journal, 14(1), 47-61.
- Chan, A. K., & Chan, V. M. (2012). Public perception of crime and attitudes toward police: Examining the effects of media news: Run Run Shaw Library, City University of Hong Kong.
- Code of Conduct for Media Broadcasters. http://infopak.gov.pk/Downloads/Ordenances/Code_of_Conduct.pdf
- Code of Ethics and Journalistic Standards. http://www2.uncp.edu/home/acurtis/Courses/ResourcesForCourses/Journalism/Journal ismEthics.html
- Code of Ethics, All Pakistan Newspaper Society. http://apns.com.pk/faq/rules_and_regulations_governing1.pdf
- Code of Ethics, Press Council of Pakistan. http://infopak.gov.pk/Downloads/Ordenances/pcp_ordinance.pdf
- Code of Ethics, Society of Professional Journalists. http://www.spj.org/ethicscode.asp
- Code of Ethics. Council of Pakistan Newspaper Editors. http://newsonline.pk/09/09/2013/code- of-ethics-council-of-pakistan-newspaper-editors-cpne
- Cohen, J., & Weimann, G. (2000). Cultivation revisited: Some genres have some effects on some viewers. Communication Reports, 13(2), 99-114.
- Coleman, C. L. (1993). The influence of mass media and interpersonal communication on societal and personal risk judgments. Communication Research, 20(4), 611-628.
- Coyne, S. M. (2007). Does Media Violence Cause Violent Crime? European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 13(3-4), 205-211.
- Custers, K., & Van den Bulck, J. (2011). The relationship of dispositional and situational fear of crime with television viewing and direct experience with crime. Mass Communication and Society, 14(5), 600-619.
- Dowler, K. (2003). Media consumption and public attitudes toward crime and justice: The relationship between fear of crime, punitive attitudes, and perceived police effectiveness. Journal of Criminal Justice and Popular Culture, 10(2), 109-126.
- Eschholz, S. (2002). Racial composition of television offenders and viewers' fear of crime. Critical Criminology, 11(1), 41-60.
- European Code of Ethics. http://ethicnet.uta.fi/
- Gauntlett, D. (2005). Moving experiences: Media effects and beyond (Vol. 13). United States: Indiana University Press.
- Groenhart, H. (2012). Users' perception of media accountability. Central European Journal of Communication (09), 190-203.
- Haridakis, P. M. (2002). Viewer characteristics, exposure to television violence, and aggression. Media Psychology, 4(4), 323-352.
- Hayes, R. M., & Levett, L. M. (2013). Community Members' Perceptions of the CSI Effect. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 38(2), 216-235.
- Jamieson, K. H., & Campbell, K. K. (2000). The interplay of influence: News, advertising, politics, and the mass media.
- Jewkes, Y. (2009). Crime and media: New York: Sage
- Kortâ€ÂButler, L. A., & Hartshorn, K. J. S. (2011). Watching the detectives: Crime programming, fear of crime, and attitudes about the criminal justice system. The Sociological Quarterly, 52(1), 36-55.
- Lowery, S., & DeFleur, M. L. (1995). Milestones in Mass Communication Research: Media Effects.
- Machin, D., & Mayr, A. (2013). Personalising crime and crime-fighting in factual television: An analysis of social actors and transitivity in language and images. Critical Discourse Studies, 10(4), 356-372.
- McLuhan, M. (1994). Understanding media: The extensions of man. Cambridge, United States: MIT press.
- McQuail, D. (1977). The influence and effects of mass media. Mass communication and society, 70- 93.
- Middleton, M. (2009). Social Responsibility in the media. Center for International Media Ethics, Oxford University PCMlP.: (Accessed August 21, 2010). http://www.cimethics.org/en/docs/SR_media.Pdf
- Punjab Laws, Defamation Ordinance (2002). http://punjablaws.gov.pk/laws/2219a.html
- Rubin, A. M. (1986). Uses, gratifications, and media effects research. Perspectives on media effects, 281-301.
- Sullivan, B. A., & Chermak, S. M. (2012). The media's portrayal of product counterfeiting and financial crimes. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice, 36(4), 305-326.
- Unintended media effects and media literacy. http://mediapsychology101.com/2012/11/14/unintended-media-effects-and-media- literacy/
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Retrieved from http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/
- Ward, S. J. (2011). Ethical flourishing as aim of global media ethics. Journalism Studies, 12(6), 738- 746.
- Weiss, W. (1966). Effects of the mass media of communication.
- Wiegman, O., Kuttschreuter, M., & Baarda, B. (1992). A longitudinal study of the effects of television viewing on aggressive and prosocial behaviours. British Journal of Social Psychology, 31(2), 147-164.
- Wimmer, R. D., & Dominick, J. R. (1983). Mass media research: an introduction. Wadsworth series in mass communication.
- Wimmer, R. D., & Dominick, J. R. (2013). Mass media research: An Introduction. Boston, United States: Wadsworth.
- Wondemaghen, M. (2013). Legal narratives as significant news sources about mental illness and violent crime. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice (ahead-of- print), 1-30.
Cite this article
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APA : Babar, Z., Zahra, S., & Hassan, K. (2017). Exploration of Public Perception regarding Crime Raid Shows of Pakistani TV News Channels: An Ethical Perspective. Global Mass Communication Review, II(I), 57-74. https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2017(II-I).04
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CHICAGO : Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din, Sadaf Zahra, and Khayam Hassan. 2017. "Exploration of Public Perception regarding Crime Raid Shows of Pakistani TV News Channels: An Ethical Perspective." Global Mass Communication Review, II (I): 57-74 doi: 10.31703/gmcr.2017(II-I).04
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HARVARD : BABAR, Z., ZAHRA, S. & HASSAN, K. 2017. Exploration of Public Perception regarding Crime Raid Shows of Pakistani TV News Channels: An Ethical Perspective. Global Mass Communication Review, II, 57-74.
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MHRA : Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din, Sadaf Zahra, and Khayam Hassan. 2017. "Exploration of Public Perception regarding Crime Raid Shows of Pakistani TV News Channels: An Ethical Perspective." Global Mass Communication Review, II: 57-74
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MLA : Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din, Sadaf Zahra, and Khayam Hassan. "Exploration of Public Perception regarding Crime Raid Shows of Pakistani TV News Channels: An Ethical Perspective." Global Mass Communication Review, II.I (2017): 57-74 Print.
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OXFORD : Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din, Zahra, Sadaf, and Hassan, Khayam (2017), "Exploration of Public Perception regarding Crime Raid Shows of Pakistani TV News Channels: An Ethical Perspective", Global Mass Communication Review, II (I), 57-74
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TURABIAN : Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din, Sadaf Zahra, and Khayam Hassan. "Exploration of Public Perception regarding Crime Raid Shows of Pakistani TV News Channels: An Ethical Perspective." Global Mass Communication Review II, no. I (2017): 57-74. https://doi.org/10.31703/gmcr.2017(II-I).04