Ethical Statement

I testify on behalf of all co-authors that our article submitted to Global Mass Communication Review-GMCR,

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• This script has not been published in whole or in part elsewhere;
• The manuscript is not currently being considered for publication in another journal;
• f I send the same to any other publisher, I will let you know in anticipation which will be considered as my voluntary withdrawal from the GMCR 
• Furthermore, the manuscript contains nothing that is abusive, defamatory, libelous, obscene, fraudulent, or illegal.
• All authors have been personally and actively involved in substantive work leading to the manuscript, and will hold themselves jointly and individually responsible for its content.

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